example- a somatic cell in an adult fruit fly has 8 chromosomes
-4 from dad & 4 from mom
These are a homologous pair, as they code for the same trait, but not necessarily the same product.
Haploid- a single set of chromosomes
Diploid- cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes
-written as 2N
IE: For humans the N=23 because we have 46 chromosomes in all our cells
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