Cells

cytoplasm- portion of cell outside nucleus. cell fluid. contains: water (because of PC, solvent, diffusion) proteins, RNA, fatty acids, ions.

nucleus- contains DNA. where DNA is stored, replicated and becomes RNA.

nuclear envelope- a double lipid bi-layer surrounding nucleus, and penetrated by pores, allowing things to move in and out of nucleus.

chromatin- within nucleus. consists of DNA bound to protein.

chromosomes- made from chromatin. contains our DNA.

nucleolus- within nucleus, where assembly of ribosome begins.

ribosome- put together amino acids to form polypeptide bonds (protein). small particles of RNA and protein found within cytoplasm. some cling to ER, but some are free in cytoplasm. produce proteins by following coded instructions from nucleus.

transcription- process of transcribing DNA nucleotide sequence information into RNA sequence information.

ER- extensive system of membranes with attached ribosome (rough). site where lipid components of cell membrane is formed. transports proteins and other materials from the cell. No ribosomes attached (smooth).

Golgi apparatus- where proteins and lipids are packaged for transport and secretion.

lysosome- "suicide sack" if cell is invaded or damaged, they release enzymes that kill cell. speeds up process for creating new cell.